which of the following species often show the type 2 (constant loss) survivorship pattern? whales songbirds…

Brief Explanations:

Type 2 survivorship curve (constant loss) has a relatively constant mortality rate throughout life. Whales, gorillas, and humans typically show Type 1 (high survival early, then decline later), while songbirds often have Type 2, with mortality rate steady across age groups.

Answer:

B. songbirds