gene expression—translation\nhow do cells synthesize polypeptides and convert them to functional…

gene expression—translation\nhow do cells synthesize polypeptides and convert them to functional proteins?\nwhy?\nthe message in your dna of who you are and how your body works is carried out by cells through gene expression. in most cases this means synthesizing a specific protein to do a specific job. first, mrna is transcribed from the dna code. then, the mrna sequence is translated into a polypeptide sequence.\nmodel 1 - codons\n1. model 1 defines the code scientists have discovered that relates the nucleotide sequence of mrna to the amino acid sequence of polypeptides.\na. what do the letters u, c, a, and g in model 1 represent?\nb. what do the abbreviations such as phe, ile, ala, and gly in model 1 represent?\nc. the language of mrna is often described as a \triplet code.\ explain the significance of this reference.

gene expression—translation\nhow do cells synthesize polypeptides and convert them to functional proteins?\nwhy?\nthe message in your dna of who you are and how your body works is carried out by cells through gene expression. in most cases this means synthesizing a specific protein to do a specific job. first, mrna is transcribed from the dna code. then, the mrna sequence is translated into a polypeptide sequence.\nmodel 1 - codons\n1. model 1 defines the code scientists have discovered that relates the nucleotide sequence of mrna to the amino acid sequence of polypeptides.\na. what do the letters u, c, a, and g in model 1 represent?\nb. what do the abbreviations such as phe, ile, ala, and gly in model 1 represent?\nc. the language of mrna is often described as a \triplet code.\ explain the significance of this reference.

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  • a. In the context of mRNA, U (Uracil), C (Cytosine), A (Adenine), and G (Guanine) are nitrogen - containing bases. mRNA is made up of these bases, and their sequence is crucial for the genetic code.
  • b. Abbreviations like Phe (Phenylalanine), Ile (Isoleucine), Ala (Alanine), and Gly (Glycine) represent amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptides (and ultimately proteins).
  • c. The mRNA is described as a "triplet code" because a sequence of three mRNA nucleotides (a codon) codes for a single amino acid. For example, in Model 1, the codon UUU codes for the amino acid Phe.

Answer:

a. Nitrogen - containing bases in mRNA. b. Amino acids. c. A sequence of three mRNA nucleotides (a codon) codes for a single amino acid.