for each problem, find the: x and y intercepts, x-coordinates of the critical points, open intervals where…

for each problem, find the: x and y intercepts, x-coordinates of the critical points, open intervals where the function is increasing and decreasing, x-coordinates of the inflection points, open intervals where the function is concave up and concave down, and relative minima and maxima. using this information, sketch the graph of the function.\n1) $y = -\\frac{x^3}{3} + x^2$
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Find (x) and (y) - intercepts
- (y)-intercept: Set (x = 0) in (y=-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}). Then (y=-\frac{0^{3}}{3}+0^{2}=0).
- (x)-intercept: Set (y = 0), so (0=-\frac{x^{3}}{3}+x^{2}). Factor out (x^{2}): (x^{2}\left(-\frac{x}{3}+1\right)=0). Using the zero - product property (x^{2}=0) gives (x = 0), and (-\frac{x}{3}+1=0) gives (x = 3).
Step2: Find the first derivative and critical points
- First derivative: Using the power rule ((x^{n})^\prime=nx^{n - 1}), (y^\prime=-x^{2}+2x). Set (y^\prime = 0): (-x^{2}+2x=0). Factor out (-x): (-x(x - 2)=0). The critical points are (x = 0) and (x = 2).
Step3: Determine intervals of increase and decrease
- Test intervals: Choose test points in the intervals ((-\infty,0)), ((0,2)), and ((2,\infty)). For (x=-1) (in ((-\infty,0))): (y^\prime=-(-1)^{2}+2(-1)=-1 - 2=-3<0). For (x = 1) (in ((0,2))): (y^\prime=-1^{2}+2\times1=1>0). For (x = 3) (in ((2,\infty))): (y^\prime=-3^{2}+2\times3=-9 + 6=-3<0). The function is decreasing on ((-\infty,0)\cup(2,\infty)) and increasing on ((0,2)).
Step4: Find the second derivative and inflection points
- Second derivative: Differentiate (y^\prime=-x^{2}+2x). Using the power rule, (y^{\prime\prime}=-2x + 2). Set (y^{\prime\prime}=0): (-2x + 2=0), which gives (x = 1).
Step5: Determine intervals of concavity
- Test intervals: Choose test points in the intervals ((-\infty,1)) and ((1,\infty)). For (x = 0) (in ((-\infty,1))): (y^{\prime\prime}=-2\times0+2=2>0). For (x = 2) (in ((1,\infty))): (y^{\prime\prime}=-2\times2+2=-2<0). The function is concave up on ((-\infty,1)) and concave down on ((1,\infty)).
Step6: Find relative minima and maxima
- Use the first - derivative test: Since (y^\prime) changes from negative to positive at (x = 0), (y(0)=0) is a relative minimum. Since (y^\prime) changes from positive to negative at (x = 2), (y(2)=-\frac{8}{3}+4=\frac{4}{3}) is a relative maximum.
Answer:
- (x)-intercepts: (x = 0) and (x = 3).
- (y)-intercept: (y = 0).
- Critical points ((x)-coordinates): (x = 0) and (x = 2).
- Intervals of increase: ((0,2)).
- Intervals of decrease: ((-\infty,0)\cup(2,\infty)).
- Inflection point ((x)-coordinate): (x = 1).
- Intervals of concave up: ((-\infty,1)).
- Intervals of concave down: ((1,\infty)).
- Relative minimum: At (x = 0), (y = 0).
- Relative maximum: At (x = 2), (y=\frac{4}{3}).