ammonia is commonly used as a fertilizer for plants. it is made when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas react…
ammonia is commonly used as a fertilizer for plants. it is made when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas react under specific conditions.\nconsider the following reaction:\n4 molecules of nitrogen (n₂) react with 12 molecules of hydrogen (h₂) to produce some amount of ammonia (nh₃).\ncomplete the table below.\n| chemical element | number of atoms in the reaction |\n| ---- | ---- |\n| h | |\n| n | |\nduring this reaction, how many molecules of ammonia (nh₃) are produced?
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Write the balanced chemical equation
The reaction between nitrogen ($N_2$) and hydrogen ($H_2$) to form ammonia ($NH_3$) is $N_2 + 3H_2\rightarrow2NH_3$.
Step2: Analyze the given amounts of reactants
We have 4 molecules of $N_2$ and 12 molecules of $H_2$. From the balanced - equation, the mole ratio of $N_2$ to $H_2$ is 1:3. For 4 molecules of $N_2$, we would need $4\times3 = 12$ molecules of $H_2$. Since we have exactly 12 molecules of $H_2$, both reactants are completely consumed.
Step3: Use the mole - ratio to find the number of ammonia molecules
The mole ratio of $N_2$ to $NH_3$ is 1:2. If we have 4 molecules of $N_2$, the number of $NH_3$ molecules produced is $4\times2=8$.
Step4: Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms
In 12 molecules of $H_2$, each $H_2$ molecule has 2 hydrogen atoms. So the number of hydrogen atoms is $12\times2 = 24$.
Step5: Calculate the number of nitrogen atoms
In 4 molecules of $N_2$, each $N_2$ molecule has 2 nitrogen atoms. So the number of nitrogen atoms is $4\times2 = 8$.
Answer:
| Chemical element | Number of atoms in the reaction |
|---|---|
| H | 24 |
| N | 8 |
| 8 molecules of ammonia ($NH_3$) are produced. |