the approximate molar concentration of several chemicals are given. find the ph of each. use the calculator…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall pH formula

The formula for pH is $pH = -\log[H^{+}]$.

Step2: Calculate pH of oven - cleaner

For oven - cleaner with $[H^{+}]=10^{-13}$, $pH = -\log(10^{-13})$. Since $-\log(10^{-13})=-(- 13)=13$.

Step3: Calculate pH of water

For water with $[H^{+}]=0.0000007 = 7\times10^{-7}$, $pH=-\log(7\times10^{-7})$. Using the logarithm property $\log(ab)=\log a+\log b$, we have $pH=-(\log7+\log(10^{-7}))$. $\log(10^{-7})=-7$ and $\log7\approx0.845$, so $pH=- (0.845 - 7)=6.155\approx6.2$.

Step4: Calculate pH of blood

For blood with $[H^{+}]=0.00000004 = 4\times10^{-8}$, $pH = -\log(4\times10^{-8})=-(\log4+\log(10^{-8}))$. $\log(10^{-8})=-8$ and $\log4\approx0.602$, so $pH=- (0.602 - 8)=7.398\approx7.4$.

Step5: Calculate pH of vinegar

For vinegar with $[H^{+}]=0.0063 = 6.3\times10^{-3}$, $pH=-\log(6.3\times10^{-3})=-(\log6.3+\log(10^{-3}))$. $\log(10^{-3})=-3$ and $\log6.3\approx0.800$, so $pH=- (0.800 - 3)=2.2$.

Answer:

Oven cleaner: 13 Water: 6.2 Blood: 7.4 Vinegar: 2.2