atomic structure\nan atom is made up of protons and neutrons (both found in the nucleus) and electrons (in…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic structure rules

Atomic number = number of protons. Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons. For neutral atoms, number of protons = number of electrons. For ions, adjust electrons based on charge.

Step2: Analyze H

Atomic number of H is 1. Mass number is 1. Protons = 1, Neutrons = 1 - 1=0, Electrons = 1 (neutral atom).

Step3: Analyze H+

Atomic number is 1. Mass number is 1. Protons = 1, Neutrons = 0, Electrons = 1 - 1 = 0 (lost 1 electron for +1 charge).

Step4: Analyze $_{6}^{12}C$

Atomic number is 6. Mass number is 12. Protons = 6, Neutrons = 12 - 6 = 6, Electrons = 6 (neutral atom).

Step5: Analyze $_{3}^{7}Li^{+}$

Atomic number is 3. Mass number is 7. Protons = 3, Neutrons = 7 - 3 = 4, Electrons = 3 - 1 = 2 (lost 1 electron for +1 charge).

Step6: Analyze $_{17}^{35}Cl^{-}$

Atomic number is 17. Mass number is 35. Protons = 17, Neutrons = 35 - 17 = 18, Electrons = 17+1 = 18 (gained 1 electron for - 1 charge).

Step7: Analyze $_{19}^{39}K$

Atomic number is 19. Mass number is 39. Protons = 19, Neutrons = 39 - 19 = 20, Electrons = 19 (neutral atom).

Step8: Analyze $_{12}^{24}Mg^{2 + }$

Atomic number is 12. Mass number is 24. Protons = 12, Neutrons = 24 - 12 = 12, Electrons = 12 - 2 = 10 (lost 2 electrons for +2 charge).

Step9: Analyze $As^{3 - }$

Assume atomic number of As is 33 (from periodic - table). Mass number not given, assume average atomic mass ≈ 75. Protons = 33, Neutrons = 75 - 33 = 42, Electrons = 33+3 = 36 (gained 3 electrons for - 3 charge).

Step10: Analyze Ag

Assume atomic number of Ag is 47 (from periodic - table). Mass number not given, assume average atomic mass ≈ 108. Protons = 47, Neutrons = 108 - 47 = 61, Electrons = 47 (neutral atom).

Step11: Analyze $Ag^{+}$

Atomic number is 47. Mass number is 108. Protons = 47, Neutrons = 61, Electrons = 47 - 1 = 46 (lost 1 electron for +1 charge).

Step12: Analyze $S^{2 - }$

Atomic number of S is 16. Mass number not given, assume average atomic mass ≈ 32. Protons = 16, Neutrons = 32 - 16 = 16, Electrons = 16+2 = 18 (gained 2 electrons for - 2 charge).

Step13: Analyze U

Assume atomic number of U is 92 (from periodic - table). Mass number not given, assume average atomic mass ≈ 238. Protons = 92, Neutrons = 238 - 92 = 146, Electrons = 92 (neutral atom).

Element/Ion	Atomic Number	Atomic Mass	Mass Number	Protons	Neutrons	Electrons
H	1	1.008	1	1	0	1
H+	1	1.008	1	1	0	0
$_{6}^{12}C$	6	12.01	12	6	6	6
$_{3}^{7}Li^{+}$	3	6.94	7	3	4	2
$_{17}^{35}Cl^{-}$	17	35.45	35	17	18	18
$_{19}^{39}K$	19	39.10	39	19	20	19
$_{12}^{24}Mg^{2 + }$	12	24.31	24	12	12	10
$As^{3 - }$	33	74.92	75 (assumed)	33	42	36
Ag	47	107.87	108 (assumed)	47	61	47
$Ag^{+}$	47	107.87	108 (assumed)	47	61	46
$S^{2 - }$	16	32.07	32 (assumed)	16	16	18
U	92	238.03	238 (assumed)	92	146	92

Answer:

Element/Ion	Atomic Number	Atomic Mass	Mass Number	Protons	Neutrons	Electrons
H	1	1.008	1	1	0	1
H+	1	1.008	1	1	0	0
$_{6}^{12}C$	6	12.01	12	6	6	6
$_{3}^{7}Li^{+}$	3	6.94	7	3	4	2
$_{17}^{35}Cl^{-}$	17	35.45	35	17	18	18
$_{19}^{39}K$	19	39.10	39	19	20	19
$_{12}^{24}Mg^{2 + }$	12	24.31	24	12	12	10
$As^{3 - }$	33	74.92	75 (assumed)	33	42	36
Ag	47	107.87	108 (assumed)	47	61	47
$Ag^{+}$	47	107.87	108 (assumed)	47	61	46
$S^{2 - }$	16	32.07	32 (assumed)	16	16	18
U	92	238.03	238 (assumed)	92	146	92