calculate the percent ionic character for the gaseous sodium chloride, nacl, molecule. the measured dipole…

calculate the percent ionic character for the gaseous sodium chloride, nacl, molecule. the measured dipole moment, $mu_{measured}$, for sodium chloride is 9.00 d and the na - cl bond length is 236 pm. 1 d = 3.34×10⁻³⁰ c·m.\n79.6%\n126%\n0.796%\n11.3%

calculate the percent ionic character for the gaseous sodium chloride, nacl, molecule. the measured dipole moment, $mu_{measured}$, for sodium chloride is 9.00 d and the na - cl bond length is 236 pm. 1 d = 3.34×10⁻³⁰ c·m.\n79.6%\n126%\n0.796%\n11.3%

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate the theoretical dipole moment

The theoretical dipole moment ($\mu_{theoretical}$) for a completely ionic bond is given by $\mu_{theoretical}=q\times d$, where $q = 1.6\times10^{-19}\ C$ (charge of an electron) and $d$ is the bond - length. First, convert the bond length $d = 236\ pm=236\times10^{-12}\ m$. Then $\mu_{theoretical}=(1.6\times 10^{-19}\ C)\times(236\times 10^{-12}\ m)=3.776\times10^{-29}\ C\cdot m$.

Step2: Convert the measured dipole moment to SI units

The measured dipole moment $\mu_{measured}=9.00\ D$. Since $1\ D = 3.34\times10^{-30}\ C\cdot m$, then $\mu_{measured}=9.00\times3.34\times10^{-30}\ C\cdot m = 3.006\times10^{-29}\ C\cdot m$.

Step3: Calculate the percent ionic character

The percent ionic character is given by the formula $\text{Percent ionic character}=\frac{\mu_{measured}}{\mu_{theoretical}}\times100%$. Substitute $\mu_{measured}=3.006\times 10^{-29}\ C\cdot m$ and $\mu_{theoretical}=3.776\times10^{-29}\ C\cdot m$ into the formula: $\text{Percent ionic character}=\frac{3.006\times 10^{-29}\ C\cdot m}{3.776\times10^{-29}\ C\cdot m}\times100%\approx79.6%$.

Answer:

79.6%