4. compare and contrast each of the following terms: a. mass and matter b. atom and compound c. physical…

Brief Explanations:

a. Mass and matter: Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. Matter can exist in different states (solid, liquid, gas), and mass is a scalar quantity that remains constant regardless of location (unlike weight which depends on gravity). b. Atom and compound: An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together. For example, hydrogen and oxygen are atoms, and water ($H_2O$) is a compound formed by the chemical - bonding of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. c. Physical property and chemical property: A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical identity, such as color, density, and melting point. A chemical property describes the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change or reaction, like flammability or reactivity with other substances. d. Homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture: A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, and its components are not visibly distinguishable, like salt - water solution. A heterogeneous mixture has a non - uniform composition, and its components can be visibly distinguished, like a mixture of sand and water.

Answer:

a. Matter is what has mass and takes up space; mass measures matter amount. b. Atom is element's smallest unit; compound is bonded different atoms. c. Physical property: observed without chemical change; chemical property: ability for chemical change. d. Homogeneous: uniform composition; heterogeneous: non - uniform composition.