complete the table with the number of inner, outer, and valence electrons present in an atom of each…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall electron - shell concept

Inner electrons are in lower - energy shells. Outer electrons are in the outermost shell. Valence electrons are outer electrons that can participate in chemical bonding.

Step2: Analyze carbon (C)

Carbon has atomic number 6. Electron configuration is 1s²2s²2p². Inner electrons are 2 (1s²), outer and valence electrons are 4 (2s²2p²).

Step3: Analyze titanium (Ti)

Titanium has atomic number 22. Electron configuration is [Ar] 3d²4s². Inner electrons are 18 (the electrons in the argon - like core, [Ar]). Outer electrons are 4 (3d²4s²), and valence electrons are 4 (the electrons available for bonding, 3d and 4s electrons).

Step4: Analyze phosphorus (P)

Phosphorus has atomic number 15. Electron configuration is [Ne] 3s²3p³. Inner electrons are 10 (the electrons in the neon - like core, [Ne]). Outer electrons are 5 (3s²3p³), and valence electrons are 5.

Step5: Analyze lithium (Li)

Lithium has atomic number 3. Electron configuration is 1s²2s¹. Inner electrons are 2 (1s²), outer and valence electrons are 1 (2s¹).

Step6: Analyze sulfur (S)

Sulfur has atomic number 16. Electron configuration is [Ne] 3s²3p⁴. Inner electrons are 10 (the electrons in the neon - like core, [Ne]). Outer electrons are 6 (3s²3p⁴), and valence electrons are 6.

Answer:

Element	Inner	Outer	Valence
C	2	4	4
Ti	18	4	4
P	10	5	5
Li	2	1	1
S	10	6	6