what is the formal charge on the chlorine in structure b? formal charge on cl = ?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall formal - charge formula

The formula for formal charge is $FC = V - N - \frac{B}{2}$, where $V$ is the number of valence electrons of the atom in isolation, $N$ is the number of non - bonding electrons, and $B$ is the number of bonding electrons.

Step2: Identify values for chlorine

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons ($V = 7$). In the given structure, the number of non - bonding electrons on chlorine ($N$) is 0, and the number of bonding electrons ($B$) is 8.

Step3: Calculate formal charge

$FC=7 - 0-\frac{8}{2}=7 - 4=3$

Answer:

3