instructions: the diagram below shows hydrochloric acid dissolving in water. label water, hydrochloric acid…

Answer:

For the hydrochloric - acid - dissolving - in - water diagram: Left - hand side beaker:

• The larger molecules with one white and one gray sphere are hydrochloric acid ($HCl$).
• The molecules with two white and one red sphere are water ($H_2O$). Right - hand side beaker:
• The single white spheres are hydrogen ions ($H^+$).
• The single gray spheres are chloride ions ($Cl^-$).

For the sodium - hydroxide - dissolving - in - water diagram: Left - hand side beaker:

• The larger molecules with one gray, one red and one white sphere are sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$).
• The molecules with two white and one red sphere are water ($H_2O$). Right - hand side beaker:
• The single gray spheres are sodium ions ($Na^+$).
• The groups with one red and one white sphere are hydroxide ions ($OH^-$).

Explanation:

Step1: Identify reactants

In the first case, reactants are $HCl$ and $H_2O$. In the second, they are $NaOH$ and $H_2O$.

Step2: Recall dissociation

$HCl$ dissociates into $H^+$ and $Cl^-$ in water. $NaOH$ dissociates into $Na^+$ and $OH^-$ in water.

Step3: Match with diagrams

Match the molecular and ionic forms to the appropriate shapes in the diagrams.