a lewis structure with placeholder elements is shown. if the formal charge of the central atom is +1, choose…

a lewis structure with placeholder elements is shown. if the formal charge of the central atom is +1, choose the possible identities of the central atom.

a lewis structure with placeholder elements is shown. if the formal charge of the central atom is +1, choose the possible identities of the central atom.

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the formula for formal charge

The formula for formal charge is ( \text{Formal Charge}=\text{Valence electrons}-\text{Non - bonding electrons}-\frac{1}{2}\times\text{Bonding electrons} ).

Step2: Analyze the Lewis structure

From the Lewis structure, assume the central atom has ( 4 ) non - bonding electrons (( 2 ) lone pairs) and ( 2 ) bonding pairs (so ( 4 ) bonding electrons). Let the valence electrons of the central atom be ( V ). Given formal charge (= + 1). Using the formula (+1=V - 4-\frac{1}{2}\times4).

Step3: Solve for ( V )

Simplify the right - hand side of the equation: (+1=V - 4 - 2), then (V=+1 + 6=5). Elements with ( 5 ) valence electrons are in group ( 15 ) (N, P, As).

Answer:

D. N, P, or As