7. how many grams of potassium chloride can be dissolved in 200 g of water at 80 °c?\n8. at 40 °c, how much…

7. how many grams of potassium chloride can be dissolved in 200 g of water at 80 °c?\n8. at 40 °c, how much potassium nitrate will be dissolved in 300 g of water?\n9. which salt shows the least change in solubility from 0°c to 100 °c?\n10. which substance shows a decrease in solubility from 0°c to 100 °c?\n11. at 30°c, 90 g of sodium nitrate is dissolved in 100 g of water. is this solution saturated, supersaturated, or unsaturated?
Answer
Explanation:
Step1: Locate solubility of KCl at 80°C
From the solubility - temperature graph, the solubility of potassium chloride (KCl) at 80°C is 51 g per 100 g of water.
Step2: Calculate amount for 200 g of water
Since the solubility is 51 g per 100 g of water, for 200 g of water, the amount of KCl that can be dissolved is $51\times2 = 102$ g.
Step3: Locate solubility of $KNO_3$ at 40°C
From the graph, the solubility of potassium nitrate ($KNO_3$) at 40°C is 64 g per 100 g of water.
Step4: Calculate amount for 300 g of water
For 300 g of water, the amount of $KNO_3$ that can be dissolved is $64\times3=192$ g.
Step5: Analyze solubility - change for different salts
By observing the graph for different salts from 0°C to 100°C, we find that sodium chloride (NaCl) shows the least change in solubility.
Step6: Identify substance with decreasing solubility
By observing the graph, we see that cerium(III) sulfate ($Ce_2(SO_4)_3$) shows a decrease in solubility from 0°C to 100°C.
Step7: Locate solubility of $NaNO_3$ at 30°C
From the graph, the solubility of sodium nitrate ($NaNO_3$) at 30°C is 96 g per 100 g of water.
Step8: Determine solution type
Since 90 g of $NaNO_3$ is dissolved in 100 g of water and the solubility at 30°C is 96 g per 100 g of water, the solution is unsaturated.
Answer:
- 102 g
- 192 g
- Sodium chloride (NaCl)
- Cerium(III) sulfate ($Ce_2(SO_4)_3$)
- Unsaturated