1. how many unpaired electrons are in the boron atom? this atom is a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetic 2. how…

1. how many unpaired electrons are in the boron atom? this atom is a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetic 2. how many unpaired electrons are in the vanadium atom? this atom is a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetic

1. how many unpaired electrons are in the boron atom? this atom is a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetic 2. how many unpaired electrons are in the vanadium atom? this atom is a. paramagnetic b. diamagnetic

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Write boron's electron - configuration

Boron (B) has an atomic number of 5. Its electron - configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{1}$. The 1s and 2s orbitals are filled with paired electrons, and there is 1 unpaired electron in the 2p orbital. Since it has an unpaired electron, it is paramagnetic.

Step2: Write vanadium's electron - configuration

Vanadium (V) has an atomic number of 23. Its electron - configuration is $[Ar]3d^{3}4s^{2}$. The 4s orbital is filled with 2 paired electrons. In the 3d sub - shell, according to Hund's rule, the 3 electrons occupy separate 3d orbitals with parallel spins. So, there are 3 unpaired electrons. Since it has unpaired electrons, it is paramagnetic.

Answer:

  1. 1; A. Paramagnetic
  2. 3; A. Paramagnetic