naming alkanes - worksheet #1 pgs 695 - 699 will help\nname the following branched alkanes:

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the longest carbon - chain

For each structure, find the continuous chain of carbon atoms with the maximum number of carbons. This forms the parent - name of the alkane.

Step2: Number the carbon - chain

Start numbering the carbon - chain from the end closest to a substituent (branch).

Step3: Identify and name the substituents

Substituents are alkyl groups (e.g., methyl - $CH_3$, ethyl - $C_2H_5$). Name them according to the number of carbon atoms in the group.

Step4: Indicate the position of substituents

Use the carbon - atom number to which the substituent is attached. Write the name as a single word, with the position number, hyphen, and substituent name before the parent - alkane name.

1. 2 - methylbutane
2. 2 - methylpentane
3. 3 - ethylheptane
4. 3 - methyl - 4 - ethylheptane
5. 3 - methyl - 5 - ethyloctane
6. 3,3 - dimethyl - 4 - methylhexane
7. 2,2 - dimethylbutane
8. 2,2 - dimethylpropane (neopentane)
9. 3,3 - diethylpentane
10. 3 - methyl - 3 - ethylheptane

Answer:

1. 2 - methylbutane
2. 2 - methylpentane
3. 3 - ethylheptane
4. 3 - methyl - 4 - ethylheptane
5. 3 - methyl - 5 - ethyloctane
6. 3,3 - dimethyl - 4 - methylhexane
7. 2,2 - dimethylbutane
8. 2,2 - dimethylpropane
9. 3,3 - diethylpentane
10. 3 - methyl - 3 - ethylheptane