part 3a 12 marks choose 4 of 5 (lesson 3a) draw the following ionic bonds and state the formula a) lithium…

Explanation:

Step1: Determine ion charges

Lithium (Li) is in Group 1, so it forms a $Li^+$ ion with a +1 charge. Phosphorus (P) is in Group 15, and it forms a $P^{3 -}$ ion with a - 3 charge.

Step2: Determine the formula

To balance the charges, we need 3 Li⁺ ions for every 1 P³⁻ ion. The formula is $Li_3P$.

Step3: Determine ion charges for calcium and chlorine

Calcium (Ca) is in Group 2, so it forms a $Ca^{2+}$ ion. Chlorine (Cl) is in Group 17, and it forms a $Cl^-$ ion.

Step4: Determine the formula

To balance the charges, we need 2 Cl⁻ ions for every 1 Ca²⁺ ion. The formula is $CaCl_2$.

Step5: Determine ion charges for magnesium and nitrogen

Magnesium (Mg) is in Group 2, so it forms a $Mg^{2+}$ ion. Nitrogen (N) is in Group 15, and it forms a $N^{3 -}$ ion.

Step6: Determine the formula

To balance the charges, we need 3 Mg²⁺ ions and 2 N³⁻ ions. The formula is $Mg_3N_2$.

Step7: Determine ion charges for aluminum and chlorine

Aluminum (Al) is in Group 13, so it forms an $Al^{3+}$ ion. Chlorine (Cl) is in Group 17, and it forms a $Cl^-$ ion.

Step8: Determine the formula

To balance the charges, we need 3 Cl⁻ ions for every 1 Al³⁺ ion. The formula is $AlCl_3$.

Step9: Determine ion charges for potassium and bromine

Potassium (K) is in Group 1, so it forms a $K^+$ ion. Bromine (Br) is in Group 17, and it forms a $Br^-$ ion.

Step10: Determine the formula

The charges balance 1:1, and the formula is $KBr$.

Answer:

a) Formula: $Li_3P$ b) Formula: $CaCl_2$ c) Formula: $Mg_3N_2$ d) Formula: $AlCl_3$ e) Formula: $KBr$