solve each of the following problems. show all your work and remember to include units!\n1. as the result of…

solve each of the following problems. show all your work and remember to include units!\n1. as the result of experimental work, a student finds the density of a liquid to be 0.1369 g/cm³. the known density of that liquid is 0.1478 g/cm³. what is the percent error of this students work?\n2. after heating a 10.00 g sample of potassium chlorate, a student obtains an amount of oxygen calculated to be 3.90 g. theoretically, there should be 3.92 g of oxygen in this amount of potassium chlorate. what is the percent error in this experiment?\n3. the melting point of potassium thiocyanate determined by a student in the laboratory turned out to be 174.5 °c. the accepted value of this melting point is 173.2 °c. what is the percent error in this reading?\n4. a person attempting to lose weight on a diet weighed 175 lb. on a bathroom scale at home. an hour later at the doctors office, on a more accurate scale, this persons weight is recorded as 178 lb. assuming that there was no real weight change in that hour, what is the percent error for these reading?\n5. the theoretical yield in a particular chemical reaction is 0.1062 g. the actual yield obtained by a chemist in an experiment is 0.0098 g. calculate the percent error for this experiment.

solve each of the following problems. show all your work and remember to include units!\n1. as the result of experimental work, a student finds the density of a liquid to be 0.1369 g/cm³. the known density of that liquid is 0.1478 g/cm³. what is the percent error of this students work?\n2. after heating a 10.00 g sample of potassium chlorate, a student obtains an amount of oxygen calculated to be 3.90 g. theoretically, there should be 3.92 g of oxygen in this amount of potassium chlorate. what is the percent error in this experiment?\n3. the melting point of potassium thiocyanate determined by a student in the laboratory turned out to be 174.5 °c. the accepted value of this melting point is 173.2 °c. what is the percent error in this reading?\n4. a person attempting to lose weight on a diet weighed 175 lb. on a bathroom scale at home. an hour later at the doctors office, on a more accurate scale, this persons weight is recorded as 178 lb. assuming that there was no real weight change in that hour, what is the percent error for these reading?\n5. the theoretical yield in a particular chemical reaction is 0.1062 g. the actual yield obtained by a chemist in an experiment is 0.0098 g. calculate the percent error for this experiment.

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Recall percent - error formula

Percent error = $\left|\frac{\text{experimental value}-\text{theoretical value}}{\text{theoretical value}}\right|\times100%$

Step2: Solve problem 1

Experimental density = $0.1369\ g/cm^{3}$, Theoretical density = $0.1478\ g/cm^{3}$ Percent error = $\left|\frac{0.1369 - 0.1478}{0.1478}\right|\times100%=\left|\frac{- 0.0109}{0.1478}\right|\times100%\approx7.37%$

Step3: Solve problem 2

Experimental amount of oxygen = $3.90\ g$, Theoretical amount of oxygen = $3.92\ g$ Percent error = $\left|\frac{3.90 - 3.92}{3.92}\right|\times100%=\left|\frac{-0.02}{3.92}\right|\times100%\approx0.51%$

Step4: Solve problem 3

Experimental melting - point = $174.5^{\circ}C$, Theoretical melting - point = $173.2^{\circ}C$ Percent error = $\left|\frac{174.5 - 173.2}{173.2}\right|\times100%=\left|\frac{1.3}{173.2}\right|\times100%\approx0.75%$

Step5: Solve problem 4

Experimental weight = $175\ lb$, Theoretical weight = $178\ lb$ Percent error = $\left|\frac{175 - 178}{178}\right|\times100%=\left|\frac{-3}{178}\right|\times100%\approx1.69%$

Step6: Solve problem 5

Experimental yield = $0.0098\ g$, Theoretical yield = $0.1062\ g$ Percent error = $\left|\frac{0.0098 - 0.1062}{0.1062}\right|\times100%=\left|\frac{-0.0964}{0.1062}\right|\times100%\approx90.8%$

Answer:

  1. Approximately $7.37%$
  2. Approximately $0.51%$
  3. Approximately $0.75%$
  4. Approximately $1.69%$
  5. Approximately $90.8%$