water & carbon worksheet\ninstructions: answer the following questions. press \turn in\ on google classroom…
water & carbon worksheet\ninstructions: answer the following questions. press \turn in\ on google classroom to submit to your teacher. note that this should be handed in as a google doc, or it will not be marked.\n1. ice is less dense than liquid water. explain how the hydrogen bond structure in ice creates this difference.
Answer
Brief Explanations:
In liquid water, hydrogen bonds are constantly breaking and reforming, allowing water molecules to be close together. In ice, the hydrogen bond structure forms a regular, open hexagonal lattice. Each water molecule is bonded to four others in a stable, fixed arrangement. This open structure has more space between molecules compared to the more compact arrangement in liquid water. Since density is mass per unit volume, the larger volume (due to the open lattice) with the same mass of molecules results in ice having a lower density than liquid water.
Answer:
In liquid water, hydrogen bonds are transient (break/reform), so molecules are close. In ice, hydrogen bonds form a stable, open hexagonal lattice (each (H_2O) bonds to 4 others). This lattice has more space between molecules. Since density (=\frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}), the same mass of (H_2O) in ice occupies a larger volume, making ice less dense than liquid water.