10. all resistance to the flow of electricity stops at very, very cold temperatures. what word do we use for…

10. all resistance to the flow of electricity stops at very, very cold temperatures. what word do we use for this phenomenon?\n11. what new state of matter was proposed by einstein to explain the strange superfluid properties of helium at two degrees above absolute zero?\n12. what elemental gas did kleppner and greytak decide to use in their attempt to make a bose - einstein condensate?\n13. when kleppner and greytak failed, what two techniques did physicists from mit use to try to cool the atoms?\n14. instead of using small gases, what alkali metal was selected as a good candidate for making a bose - einstein condensate?\n15. how does evaporation cool hot matter such as coffee?\n16. on june 5th, 1995, what important historical event did the boulder group achieve? what prize did they win as a result of this discovery?\n17. what possible use for condensates was tested by danish scientist lene hau?\n18. what advantages does quantum computing have over traditional computing?\n19. why does it seem unlikely that well ever reach absolute zero?

10. all resistance to the flow of electricity stops at very, very cold temperatures. what word do we use for this phenomenon?\n11. what new state of matter was proposed by einstein to explain the strange superfluid properties of helium at two degrees above absolute zero?\n12. what elemental gas did kleppner and greytak decide to use in their attempt to make a bose - einstein condensate?\n13. when kleppner and greytak failed, what two techniques did physicists from mit use to try to cool the atoms?\n14. instead of using small gases, what alkali metal was selected as a good candidate for making a bose - einstein condensate?\n15. how does evaporation cool hot matter such as coffee?\n16. on june 5th, 1995, what important historical event did the boulder group achieve? what prize did they win as a result of this discovery?\n17. what possible use for condensates was tested by danish scientist lene hau?\n18. what advantages does quantum computing have over traditional computing?\n19. why does it seem unlikely that well ever reach absolute zero?

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  1. Superconductivity is the phenomenon where electrical resistance vanishes at very low temperatures.
  2. Einstein proposed the Bose - Einstein condensate to explain the superfluid properties of helium near absolute zero.
  3. Kleppner and Greytak decided to use hydrogen in their attempt to make a Bose - Einstein condensate.
  4. MIT physicists used laser cooling and evaporative cooling to try to cool the atoms.
  5. Rubidium was selected as a good candidate for making a Bose - Einstein condensate instead of small gases.
  6. Evaporation cools hot matter like coffee because the higher - energy molecules escape, leaving behind lower - energy molecules.
  7. On June 5th, 1995, the Boulder group created the first Bose - Einstein condensate in a laboratory and they won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their discovery.
  8. Danish scientist Lene Hau tested using condensates to slow down light.
  9. Quantum computing can perform certain calculations much faster than traditional computing, can handle complex problems related to quantum mechanics more efficiently, and enables parallel processing of multiple states simultaneously.
  10. It seems unlikely we'll reach absolute zero because according to the third law of thermodynamics, as we approach absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal would reach zero, and it would require an infinite amount of work to remove the last bit of heat.

Answer:

  1. Superconductivity
  2. Bose - Einstein condensate
  3. Hydrogen
  4. Laser cooling, Evaporative cooling
  5. Rubidium
  6. Higher - energy molecules escape, leaving lower - energy ones
  7. Created the first Bose - Einstein condensate in a laboratory; Nobel Prize in Physics
  8. Slowing down light
  9. Faster calculations for certain problems, better handling of quantum - related problems, parallel processing of multiple states
  10. Requires infinite work to remove the last bit of heat according to the third law of thermodynamics