chapter review\nconcept items\n2.1 relative motion, distance, and displacement\n1. can one - dimensional…

chapter review\nconcept items\n2.1 relative motion, distance, and displacement\n1. can one - dimensional motion have zero distance but a nonzero displacement? what about zero displacement but a nonzero distance?\n a. one - dimensional motion can have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, and it can also have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n b. one - dimensional motion can have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, but it cannot have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n c. one - dimensional motion cannot have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, but it can have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude and any motion will be the distance it moves.\n d. one - dimensional motion cannot have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, and it cannot have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n2. in which example would you be correct in describing an object in motion while your friend would also be correct in describing that same object as being at rest?\n a. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend drives past you in the opposite direction with the same speed. in your frame of reference, you will be in motion. in your friends frame of reference, you will be at rest.\n b. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, you will be in motion. in your friends frame of reference, you will be at rest.\n c. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, your friend will be moving toward the west. in your friends frame of reference, he will be at rest.\n d. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, your friend will be moving toward the east. in your friends frame of reference, he will be at rest.\n3. what does your cars odometer record?\n a. displacement\n b. distance\n c. both distance and displacement\n d. the sum of distance and displacement\n2.2 speed and velocity\n4. in the definition of velocity, what physical quantity is changing over time?\n a. speed\n b. distance\n c. magnitude of displacement\n d. position vector\n5. which of the following best describes the relationship between instantaneous velocity and instantaneous speed?\n a. both instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity are the same, even when there is a change in direction.\n b. instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity cannot be the same even if there is no change in direction of motion.\n c. magnitude of instantaneous velocity is equal to instantaneous speed.\n d. magnitude of instantaneous velocity is always greater than instantaneous speed.\n2.3 position vs. time graphs\n6. use the graph to describe what the runners motion looks like.\nhow are average velocity for only the first four seconds and instantaneous velocity related? what is the runners net displacement over the time shown?\n a. the net displacement is 12 m and the average velocity is equal to the instantaneous velocity.\n b. the net displacement is 12 m and the average velocity

chapter review\nconcept items\n2.1 relative motion, distance, and displacement\n1. can one - dimensional motion have zero distance but a nonzero displacement? what about zero displacement but a nonzero distance?\n a. one - dimensional motion can have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, and it can also have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n b. one - dimensional motion can have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, but it cannot have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n c. one - dimensional motion cannot have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, but it can have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude and any motion will be the distance it moves.\n d. one - dimensional motion cannot have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. displacement has both magnitude and direction, and it cannot have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.\n2. in which example would you be correct in describing an object in motion while your friend would also be correct in describing that same object as being at rest?\n a. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend drives past you in the opposite direction with the same speed. in your frame of reference, you will be in motion. in your friends frame of reference, you will be at rest.\n b. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, you will be in motion. in your friends frame of reference, you will be at rest.\n c. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, your friend will be moving toward the west. in your friends frame of reference, he will be at rest.\n d. you are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. in your frame of reference, your friend will be moving toward the east. in your friends frame of reference, he will be at rest.\n3. what does your cars odometer record?\n a. displacement\n b. distance\n c. both distance and displacement\n d. the sum of distance and displacement\n2.2 speed and velocity\n4. in the definition of velocity, what physical quantity is changing over time?\n a. speed\n b. distance\n c. magnitude of displacement\n d. position vector\n5. which of the following best describes the relationship between instantaneous velocity and instantaneous speed?\n a. both instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity are the same, even when there is a change in direction.\n b. instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity cannot be the same even if there is no change in direction of motion.\n c. magnitude of instantaneous velocity is equal to instantaneous speed.\n d. magnitude of instantaneous velocity is always greater than instantaneous speed.\n2.3 position vs. time graphs\n6. use the graph to describe what the runners motion looks like.\nhow are average velocity for only the first four seconds and instantaneous velocity related? what is the runners net displacement over the time shown?\n a. the net displacement is 12 m and the average velocity is equal to the instantaneous velocity.\n b. the net displacement is 12 m and the average velocity

Answer

1.

Brief Explanations:

Distance is a scalar quantity representing the total path length traveled, while displacement is a vector quantity representing the change in position from the starting - point to the ending - point. In one - dimensional motion, distance cannot be zero if there is motion because it measures the total path covered. Displacement can be zero if an object returns to its starting point after moving.

Answer:

d. One - dimensional motion cannot have zero distance with a nonzero displacement. Displacement has both magnitude and direction, and it can have zero displacement with nonzero distance because distance has only magnitude.

2.

Brief Explanations:

Motion is relative. When considering different frames of reference, an object can be in motion relative to one observer and at rest relative to another. In the case of a moving car and a stationary person at a bus stop, from the driver's frame of reference, the person at the bus stop is moving in the opposite direction, and from the person at the bus stop's frame of reference, they are at rest.

Answer:

c. You are driving a car toward the east and your friend is standing at the bus stop. In your frame of reference, your friend will be moving toward the west. In your friend's frame of reference, he will be at rest.

3.

Brief Explanations:

An odometer in a car measures the total length of the path traveled by the car, which is the distance. It does not account for the direction of motion, so it does not measure displacement.

Answer:

b. distance

4.

Brief Explanations:

Velocity is defined as the rate of change of position. Position is a vector quantity that gives the location of an object relative to a reference point. Velocity describes how the position of an object changes over time.

Answer:

d. position vector

5.

Brief Explanations:

Instantaneous speed is a scalar quantity that is the magnitude of the instantaneous velocity vector. Instantaneous velocity has both magnitude (speed) and direction. So, the magnitude of instantaneous velocity is equal to instantaneous speed.

Answer:

c. Magnitude of instantaneous velocity is equal to instantaneous speed.

6.

Brief Explanations:

From the position - time graph, the runner moves at a constant positive velocity from (t = 0) s to (t=4) s, covering a displacement of 12 m. Then, from (t = 4) s to (t = 12) s, the runner is at rest (constant position). The net displacement over the entire time shown is 12 m. For the first 4 seconds, the motion is uniform, so average velocity is equal to instantaneous velocity.

Answer:

a. The net displacement is 12 m and the average velocity is equal to the instantaneous velocity.