compared to visible light, the wavelength of x - rays is and the frequency is

Explanation:

Step1: Recall electromagnetic - wave properties

The speed of light $c$ is related to wavelength $\lambda$ and frequency $f$ by $c = \lambda f$. For all electromagnetic waves in a vacuum, $c$ is a constant ($c=3\times 10^{8}\ m/s$).

Step2: Compare wavelengths

X - rays have a shorter wavelength than visible light. Visible light has wavelengths in the range of approximately 400 - 700 nm, while X - rays have wavelengths in the range of 0.01 - 10 nm.

Step3: Determine frequency relationship

Since $c=\lambda f$, when $\lambda$ decreases (as in the case of X - rays compared to visible light), and $c$ is constant, the frequency $f=\frac{c}{\lambda}$ increases. So X - rays have a higher frequency than visible light.

Answer:

Shorter; Higher