what is the mechanical advantage of a pulley that changes only the direction of the load, not the effort…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall mechanical - advantage formula

Mechanical Advantage (MA) = $\frac{\text{Load}}{\text{Effort}}$.

Step2: Analyze the given pulley

When a pulley only changes the direction of the load and not the effort force, the load and the effort are equal. Let load = $L$ and effort = $E$, so $L = E$.

Step3: Calculate mechanical - advantage

MA=$\frac{L}{E}$, substituting $L = E$ gives MA = $\frac{E}{E}=1$.

Answer:

1.0