as mentioned in the text, an argument can have a true conclusion yet be invalid. in these exercises, each…

as mentioned in the text, an argument can have a true conclusion yet be invalid. in these exercises, each argument has a true conclusion. identify the argument as valid or invalid\nwetlville is south of el paso.\nwetlville is south of prushing.\nel paso is south of prushing.\n\nselect the correct choice below.\na. the argument is valid because all cities that are south of el paso are south of prushing.\nb. the argument is invalid because, based on the given premises, el paso is not necessarily a member of cities that are south of prushing.\nc. the argument is valid because the premises force the conclusion \el paso is south of prushing \ to be true.\nd. the argument is invalid because \el paso is south of prushing.\ is false

as mentioned in the text, an argument can have a true conclusion yet be invalid. in these exercises, each argument has a true conclusion. identify the argument as valid or invalid\nwetlville is south of el paso.\nwetlville is south of prushing.\nel paso is south of prushing.\n\nselect the correct choice below.\na. the argument is valid because all cities that are south of el paso are south of prushing.\nb. the argument is invalid because, based on the given premises, el paso is not necessarily a member of cities that are south of prushing.\nc. the argument is valid because the premises force the conclusion \el paso is south of prushing \ to be true.\nd. the argument is invalid because \el paso is south of prushing.\ is false

Answer

Brief Explanations:

To determine validity, we check if the conclusion logically follows from the premises. The premises state Wellville is south of El Paso and Wellville is south of Prushing. These do not guarantee El Paso is south of Prushing (El Paso could be north of Prushing while Wellville is south of both). Validity depends on logical structure, not whether the conclusion is true.

Answer:

B. The argument is invalid because, based on the given premises, El Paso is not necessarily a member of cities that are south of Prushing.