read through the scenarios below and calculate the predicted change in kinetic energy of the object compared…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall kinetic - energy formula

The formula for kinetic energy is $KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$, where $m$ is the mass and $v$ is the velocity. For the reference object, $m_0 = 100$ kg and $v_0=5$ m/s, so $KE_0=\frac{1}{2}\times100\times5^{2}=1250$ J.

Step2: Analyze 1000 - kg ball

For a 1000 - kg ball with $v = 5$ m/s, $KE_1=\frac{1}{2}\times1000\times5^{2}=12500$ J. Since $KE_1/KE_0=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\times1000\times5^{2}}{\frac{1}{2}\times100\times5^{2}} = 10$, it has 10 times the kinetic energy.

Step3: Analyze 10 - kg ball

For a 10 - kg ball with $v = 5$ m/s, $KE_2=\frac{1}{2}\times10\times5^{2}=125$ J. Since $KE_2/KE_0=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\times10\times5^{2}}{\frac{1}{2}\times100\times5^{2}}=\frac{1}{10}$, it has $\frac{1}{10}$ of the kinetic energy.

Step4: Analyze 100 - kg person

For a 100 - kg person with $v = 5$ m/s, $KE_3=\frac{1}{2}\times100\times5^{2}=1250$ J. Since $KE_3 = KE_0$, it has the same kinetic energy.

Answer:

A 1,000 kg ball traveling at 5 m/s would have 10 times the kinetic energy. A 10 kg ball traveling at 5 m/s would have $\frac{1}{10}$ of the kinetic energy. A 100 kg person falling at 5 m/s would have the same kinetic energy.