science matter and energy 2nd ed. chapter 6\nchoose the best answer and fill in the corresponding…

science matter and energy 2nd ed. chapter 6\nchoose the best answer and fill in the corresponding bubble.\n1. which of the following statements is not true?\nif all other factors are the same, a gas has more thermal energy than a liquid.\nthermal energy is the internal energy that an object has because of the random motions of its molecules.\nheat and thermal energy are interchangeable terms.\na large, cool object may have more thermal energy than a small, hot object.\n2. the si unit of heat is the\ncalorie\njoule\nbtu\ntherm\n3. how much heat is gained by a 100 g bar of aluminum if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 j/g °c and the bar is heated by 10°c?\n450 j\n90 j\n900 j\n4,500 j\n4. which of the following statements about water is not true?\nthe density of ice at 0°c is higher than the density of liquid water at 0°c.\nwater is an ideal coolant because of its high specific heat.\nwater is used in a calorimeter.\nwater forms crystals as it freezes.\n5. which of the following statements regarding radiation is not true?\nenergy transmitted by radiation travels at the speed of light.\nradiation can pass through an object without heating it.\nall objects release some energy through radiation.\nheat transfer through radiation requires a certain amount of matter.\n6. ____ is considered the founder of the science of thermodynamics.\nsadi carnot\njames prescott joule\njulius robert von mayer\nlord kelvin\n7. the ____ states that the energy gained (or lost) by a system is equal to the energy lost (or gained) by its surroundings.\nextensive properties principle\nfirst law of thermodynamics\nsecond law of thermodynamics\nmechanical equivalent of heat\n8. which of these is an invention that is scientifically practical and works as it was intended?\ngravity - powered overbalanced wheel\nself - powered pump\ncarnot engine\ndewar flask\n9. which of these statements is not true?\nthe heat of fusion is much greater than the heat of vaporization.\nthe addition of solutes will lower the freezing point of a liquid.\nusually, the freezing point and the melting point of a substance are the same temperature.\na change from one state to another involves the addition or subtraction of thermal energy.

science matter and energy 2nd ed. chapter 6\nchoose the best answer and fill in the corresponding bubble.\n1. which of the following statements is not true?\nif all other factors are the same, a gas has more thermal energy than a liquid.\nthermal energy is the internal energy that an object has because of the random motions of its molecules.\nheat and thermal energy are interchangeable terms.\na large, cool object may have more thermal energy than a small, hot object.\n2. the si unit of heat is the\ncalorie\njoule\nbtu\ntherm\n3. how much heat is gained by a 100 g bar of aluminum if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 j/g °c and the bar is heated by 10°c?\n450 j\n90 j\n900 j\n4,500 j\n4. which of the following statements about water is not true?\nthe density of ice at 0°c is higher than the density of liquid water at 0°c.\nwater is an ideal coolant because of its high specific heat.\nwater is used in a calorimeter.\nwater forms crystals as it freezes.\n5. which of the following statements regarding radiation is not true?\nenergy transmitted by radiation travels at the speed of light.\nradiation can pass through an object without heating it.\nall objects release some energy through radiation.\nheat transfer through radiation requires a certain amount of matter.\n6. ____ is considered the founder of the science of thermodynamics.\nsadi carnot\njames prescott joule\njulius robert von mayer\nlord kelvin\n7. the ____ states that the energy gained (or lost) by a system is equal to the energy lost (or gained) by its surroundings.\nextensive properties principle\nfirst law of thermodynamics\nsecond law of thermodynamics\nmechanical equivalent of heat\n8. which of these is an invention that is scientifically practical and works as it was intended?\ngravity - powered overbalanced wheel\nself - powered pump\ncarnot engine\ndewar flask\n9. which of these statements is not true?\nthe heat of fusion is much greater than the heat of vaporization.\nthe addition of solutes will lower the freezing point of a liquid.\nusually, the freezing point and the melting point of a substance are the same temperature.\na change from one state to another involves the addition or subtraction of thermal energy.

Answer

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze question 1

Heat is the energy transferred between substances due to a temperature difference, while thermal energy is the total kinetic and potential energy of the molecules in an object. They are not interchangeable terms.

Step2: Analyze question 2

The SI unit of heat is the joule. Calorie is a non - SI unit, Btu (British Thermal Unit) is also non - SI, and therm is a large unit mainly used in the US for natural gas.

Step3: Analyze question 3

Use the formula $Q = mc\Delta T$, where $m = 100g$, $c=0.90J/g^{\circ}C$, and $\Delta T = 10^{\circ}C$. So $Q=100\times0.90\times10 = 900J$.

Step4: Analyze question 4

The density of ice at $0^{\circ}C$ is lower than the density of liquid water at $0^{\circ}C$. Water is a good coolant due to high specific heat and is used in calorimeters, and it forms crystals when it freezes.

Step5: Analyze question 5

Heat transfer through radiation does not require a medium (matter), energy transmitted by radiation travels at light speed, radiation can pass through an object without heating it, and all objects release some energy through radiation.

Step6: Analyze question 6

Sadi Carnot is considered the founder of the science of thermodynamics.

Step7: Analyze question 7

The first law of thermodynamics states that the energy gained (or lost) by a system is equal to the energy lost (or gained) by its surroundings.

Step8: Analyze question 8

The Carnot engine is a theoretical engine with maximum efficiency, a gravity - powered overbalanced wheel and self - powered pump violate the laws of thermodynamics, and the Dewar flask is a practical device for minimizing heat transfer.

Step9: Analyze question 9

The heat of vaporization is much greater than the heat of fusion for most substances. Adding solutes lowers the freezing point, the freezing and melting points of a substance are usually the same temperature, and state changes involve thermal energy addition or subtraction.

Answer:

  1. C. Heat and thermal energy are interchangeable terms.
  2. B. joule
  3. C. 900 J
  4. A. The density of ice at $0^{\circ}C$ is higher than the density of liquid water at $0^{\circ}C$.
  5. D. Heat transfer through radiation requires a certain amount of matter.
  6. A. Sadi Carnot
  7. B. first law of thermodynamics
  8. D. Dewar flask
  9. A. The heat of fusion is much greater than the heat of vaporization.