the specific heat of water is 4.18 j/(g·°c) and that of wood is 1.97 j/(g·°c). which statement is…

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the heat - transfer formula

The heat - transfer formula is $Q = mc\Delta T$, where $Q$ is the heat added, $m$ is the mass, $c$ is the specific heat, and $\Delta T$ is the change in temperature. We can solve for $\Delta T$: $\Delta T=\frac{Q}{mc}$.

Step2: Analyze the case of equal masses

When $m$ (mass) and $Q$ (heat added) are the same for two substances, the change in temperature $\Delta T$ is inversely proportional to the specific heat $c$. The specific heat of water $c_{water}=4.18\ J/(g\cdot^{\circ}C)$ and the specific heat of wood $c_{wood}=1.97\ J/(g\cdot^{\circ}C)$. Since $c_{water}>c_{wood}$, for the same $Q$ and $m$, $\Delta T_{water}<\Delta T_{wood}$ (because $\Delta T=\frac{Q}{mc}$ and when $Q$ and $m$ are constant, a larger $c$ results in a smaller $\Delta T$).

Step3: Analyze the case of different masses

If the masses are different, we cannot directly compare the temperature changes just based on specific - heat values. For example, if we have a very small mass of water and a very large mass of wood, the temperature change may not follow the pattern based on specific heat alone.

Answer:

Given equal masses, water will heat up less than wood if the same heat is added.