the berlin conference established the borders of north african countries including egypt, libya, and sudan…

the berlin conference established the borders of north african countries including egypt, libya, and sudan. the landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the european colonial powers. which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the north african region?\na antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before european colonization\nb subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts\nc consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during european colonization\nd natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water bodies\ne geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas

the berlin conference established the borders of north african countries including egypt, libya, and sudan. the landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the european colonial powers. which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the north african region?\na antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before european colonization\nb subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts\nc consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during european colonization\nd natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water bodies\ne geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas

Answer

Brief Explanations:

  • Option A: Antecedent boundaries are those that pre - exist human activities. But the Berlin Conference boundaries were not based on pre - colonial tribal cultural boundaries.
  • Option B: Sub - sequent boundaries with buffer states are not relevant to the influence of landscape in North Africa as described.
  • Option C: Consequent boundaries are based on cultural factors like language and religion, not landscape.
  • Option D: Natural boundaries are based on physical features like mountains or water bodies. However, the boundaries in North Africa (e.g., straight lines in the Sahara) do not follow natural features.
  • Option E: Geometric boundaries are straight lines. In North Africa, European colonial powers (at the Berlin Conference) often drew straight - line boundaries (geometric) that disregarded physical (e.g., vast deserts) and cultural (tribal) differences.

Answer:

E. Geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas