12. find the mean, median, mode(s), and range of the data. largemouth bass lengths (centimeters)…

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate the mean

The mean $\bar{x}=\frac{\sum_{i = 1}^{n}x_{i}}{n}$, where $n = 8$ and $x_{i}$ are the data - points. $\sum_{i=1}^{8}x_{i}=52 + 75+54 + 50+44+54+41+60=430$. So, $\bar{x}=\frac{430}{8}=53.75$.

Step2: Arrange data in ascending order

$41,44,50,52,54,54,60,75$.

Step3: Calculate the median

Since $n = 8$ (even), the median is the average of the $\frac{n}{2}$ - th and $(\frac{n}{2}+1)$ - th ordered data - points. $\frac{n}{2}=4$ and $\frac{n}{2}+1 = 5$. The 4th value is 52 and the 5th value is 54. Median $=\frac{52 + 54}{2}=53$.

Step4: Find the mode

The mode is the value that appears most frequently. Here, 54 appears twice and other values appear once, so the mode is 54.

Step5: Calculate the range

The range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values. Range $=75−41 = 34$.

Answer:

Mean: $53.75$, Median: $53$, Mode: $54$, Range: $34$