students in 7th grade took a standardized math test that they also took in 5th grade. the results are shown…

Explanation:

Step1: Count data - points for 7th - grade

Count the number of dots in the 7th - grade dot - plot. There are 25 dots.

Step2: Find 7th - grade median

For a set of (n = 25) data - points (an odd number), the median is the (\left(\frac{n + 1}{2}\right)) - th value. (\frac{25+1}{2}=13) - th value. Counting from the left, the 13th value is 16.

Step3: Count data - points for 5th - grade

Count the number of dots in the 5th - grade dot - plot. There are 20 dots.

Step4: Find 5th - grade median

For a set of (n = 20) data - points (an even number), the median is the average of the (\frac{n}{2}) - th and (\left(\frac{n}{2}+1\right)) - th values. (\frac{n}{2}=10) and (\frac{n}{2}+1 = 11). The 10th and 11th values are 13 and 13, so the median is (\frac{13 + 13}{2}=13).

Step5: Compare medians

The 7th - grade median is 16 and the 5th - grade median is 13. The difference is (16-13 = 3). So the 7th - grade median is 3 points higher.

Answer:

7th - grade median: 16 5th - grade median: 13 The 7th - grade median is 3 points higher.